TranslingualEnglish
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
Letter
o (lower case, upper case O, plural os or o's)
- The fifteenth letter of the English alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.
See also
-
- (Latin script letters) letter; Aa, Bb, Cc, Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, Hh, Ii, Jj, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Pp, Qq, Rr, Ss, Tt, Uu, Vv, Ww, Xx, Yy, Zz
Number
o (lower case, upper case O)
- The ordinal number fifteenth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.
Noun
o (plural oes)
- The name of the Latin-script letter O.
- A zero (used in reading out numbers).
It is currently two-o-five in the afternoon (2:05 PM).
The first permanent English settlement in America was in Jamestown in sixteen-o-seven (1607).
Alternative forms
Derived terms
Translations
See o/translations § Noun.
See also
-
- (Latin script letter names) letter; a, bee, cee, dee, e, ef, gee, aitch, i, jay, kay, el, em, en, o, pee, cue, ar, ess, tee, u, vee, double-u, ex, wye, zee/zed (Category: en:Latin letter names)
- oh
Etymology 2
Particle
o
- (nonstandard) alternative form of O (vocative particle)
- 2007 (1640), The Bay Psalm Book, Cosimo Classics, p.37, 41 & 46:
- I lift my soule to thee o Lord
- mee, o Iehovah, heare
- In thee, o Lord, I put my trust
Translations
vocative particle to mark direct address — see O
Interjection
o
- Alternative form of oh
Noun
o
- (IRC) Operator
- Object, see SVO
Adjective
o
- Over
Etymology 3
See o'.
Preposition
o
- Alternative form of of
Further reading
Albanian
Etymology
Realted to -o.
Pronunciation
Particle
o
- Oh!
- vocative particle placed in front (or attached at the end) of personal names or nouns; used when addressing someone to reinforce the call. Attached to indefinite forms:
- • o + Qup → O Qup! (Oh Coby!)
- • (indefinite form) Qup (“Coby”) + -o → Qup-o! (Oh Coby!)
O malet e Shqipërisë!- Oh mountains of Albania
Further reading
- [1] Albanian particle o (engl. "oh") • "Fjalor Shqip" ('Albanian Dictionary')
Aragonese
Etymology
From Latin illum, accusative form of ille (“that”).
Article
o m (definite singular)
- the
O río Ebro ― The Ebro River
Usage notes
- Becomes l' before many words beginning with a vowel.
- The form lo, either pronounced as lo or ro, can be found after words ending with an -o.
- Eastern dialects use the form el.
AsturianAzerbaijani
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
Letter
o lower case (upper case O)
- The twenty-first letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) hərf; A a, B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, E e, Ə ə, F f, G g, Ğ ğ, H h, X x, I ı, İ i, J j, K k, Q q, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ö ö, P p, R r, S s, Ş ş, T t, U u, Ü ü, V v, Y y, Z z
Etymology 2
From Old Anatolian Turkish اول (ol), Proto-Turkic *ol.
Pronoun
o (definite accusative onu, plural onlar)
- he, she, it
Declension
Declension of Azerbaijani personal pronouns
Derived terms
Basque
Pronunciation
Letter
o (lower case, upper case O)
- The sixteenth letter of the Basque alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c (Ç ç), D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ñ ñ, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ü ü), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z
Noun
o (indeclinable)
- The name of the Latin-script letter O.
See also
- (Latin-script letter names) a, be, ze, de, e, efe, ge, hatxe, i, jota, ka, ele, eme, ene, eñe, o, pe, ku, erre, ese, te, u, uve, uve bikoitz, ixa, i greko, zeta
Borôro
Pronunciation
Noun
o
- tooth
Catalan
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
Noun
o f (plural os)
- The Latin letter O (lowercase o).
Etymology 2
From Latin aut.
Pronunciation
Conjunction
o
- or
Derived terms
CorsicanCrimean TatarCzechDanish
Particle
o
- (solemn or humorous) Vocative particle.
- 1867, Sigurd MÜLLER, Digte, page 132
- O, du dødsens Sol / O, forbandede Sol, / Som har seet, hvad jeg saae!
- O sun of death / O accursed sun / Who has seen what I saw!
- (Can we date this quote?), Henrik Pontoppidan, Det forjættede land: Med forord af Kristian Bang Foss, Gyldendal A/S (→ISBN)
- ... løftede i ekstase blikket mod stjernehimlen og bad: „O, min Fader i det høje, ... du ... du alene forstøder mig ikke!
- ... ecstatically lifted his gaze towards the starry sky and prayed: "O my Father in the high, ... you ... you alone will not repudiate me!
- 1926, Tilskueren
- Min Elskede, o min Elskede. Sabine. Men Du maa bort.
- My beloved, o my beloved. Sabine. But you must leave.
- 1854, Henrik Wergelands Samlede Skrifter, page 341
- Giulio: […] O forhadte Venedig, aldrig meer jeg dig vil se!
- Giulio: […] O loathsome Venice, I never want see you again!
Dutch
Pronunciation
Interjection
o
- oh
Letter
o (lower case, upper case O)
- The fifteenth letter of the Dutch alphabet.
See also
- Previous letter: n
- Next letter: p
Esperanto
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /o/
- Hyphenation: o
- Audio:
Letter
o (lower case, upper case O)
- The nineteenth letter of the Esperanto alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) litero; A a, B b, C c, Ĉ ĉ, D d, E e, F f, G g, Ĝ ĝ, H h, Ĥ ĥ, I i, J j, Ĵ ĵ, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, R r, S s, Ŝ ŝ, T t, U u, Ŭ ŭ, V v, Z z
Noun
o (accusative singular o-on, plural o-oj, accusative plural o-ojn)
- The name of the Latin-script letter O.
See also
- (Latin-script letter names) litero; a, bo, co, ĉo, do, e, fo, go, ĝo, ho, ĥo, i, jo, ĵo, ko, lo, mo, no, o, po, ro, so, ŝo, to, u, ŭo, vo, zo
Estonian
Pronunciation
Letter
o (lower case, upper case O)
- The fifteenth letter of the Estonian alphabet, called oo and written in the Latin script.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) täht; A a, B b (C c), D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p (Q q), R r, S s, Š š, Z z, Ž ž, T t, U u, V v (W w), Õ õ, Ä ä, Ö ö, Ü ü (X x, Y y)
ExtremaduranFala
Etymology 1
From Old Portuguese o, from Latin illo (“he”).
Article
o m (plural os, feminine a, feminine plural as)
- masculine singular definite article (the)
2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Chapter 1: Lengua Española:O términu de Valverdi, mais grandi, limita con Portugal, precisamenti con dois distintius Departamentos, que eran Beira Alta con capital en Guarda, a Beira Baixa con capital en Castelo Branco.- The Valverde locality, the biggest, borders Portugal, more precisely with two distinct departments, which were Beira Alta with Guarda as its capital, and Beira Baixa with Castelo Branco as its capital.
Etymology 2
From Old Portuguese ou, from Latin aut (“or”).
Conjunction
o
- or
2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Theme 6:Poin encontralsi, a o millol, hasta “oito” o mais.- There can be found, at best, up to “eight” or more.
Faroese
Pronunciation
Letter
o (upper case O)
- The seventeenth letter of the Faroese alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) bókstavur; A a, Á á, B b, D d, Ð ð, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ó ó, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, Ú ú, V v, Y y, Ý ý, Æ æ, Ø ø
Finnish
Pronunciation
Letter
o (lower case, upper case O)
- The fifteenth letter of the Finnish alphabet, called oo and written in the Latin script.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) kirjain; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s (Š š), T t, U u, V v (W w), X x, Y y, Z z (Ž ž), Å å, Ä ä, Ö ö
French
Pronunciation
Noun
o m (plural os)
- The name of the Latin-script letter O.
Symbol
o
- (computing) octet (B (byte))
Derived terms
- (computing): ko, Mo, Go, To, Po, Eo, Zo, Yo
- (computing): o/s, ko/s, Mo/s, Go/s, To/s, Po/s, Eo/s, Zo/s, Yo/s
Fula
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
Letter
o (lower case, upper case O)
- A letter of the Fula alphabet, written in the Latin script.
Usage notes
See also
- (Latin-script letters) karfeeje; ', A a, B b, Mb mb, Ɓ ɓ, C c, D d, Nd nd, Ɗ ɗ, E e, F f, G g, Ng ng, Ɠ ɠ, H h, I i, J j, Nj nj, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ŋ ŋ, Ñ ñ, Ɲ ɲ, O o, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, W w, Y y, Ƴ ƴ
Etymology 2
Suffix
o (plural ɓe)
- Noun class indicator for nouns (singular) having to do with people, and for loan words
Usage notes
Pronoun
o
- he, she (third person singular subject pronoun; short form)
Usage notes
-
- Common to all varieties of Fula (Fulfulde / Pulaar / Pular).
- This is used in all conjugations except for affirmative non-accomplished (where the long form is used).
Alternative forms
Related terms
- omo (second person singular subject pronoun; long form)
- himo (second person singular subject pronoun; long form; variant in Pular)
- kanko (emphatic form)
Derived terms
- makko (possessive pronoun)
Article
o
- (definite) the (when it follows the noun)
Debbo o ― the woman
Usage notes
Determiner
o
- used in indicating someone
O debbo ― this/that woman
Usage notes
Galician
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Old Galician and Old Portuguese o, from Latin illum, from ille.
Alternative forms
Article
o m sg (feminine singular a, masculine plural os, feminine plural as)
- (definite) the
Usage notes
- The definite article o (in all its forms), due to historical sandhi, regularly forms contractions when it follows the prepositions a (“to”), con (“with”), de (“of, from”), and en (“in”). For example, con o (“with the”) contracts to co, and en o (“in the”) contracts to no.
- The definite article o (in all its forms), due to historical sandhi, contracts with preceding words which ends in [s] or [r] into the second form of the article lo (la, los, las); this feature, frequent in spoken Galician, is not always marked in the written language. When done, a hyphen is used to separate both words:
Debes comer o caldo ~ Debes come-lo caldo ― You should eat the soup
Derived terms
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the main entry.
Pronoun
o
- accusative of el
Usage notes
The Galician pronouns, being atones, are usually appended to the verb; though sandhi, o could acquire the form -no (for example, when appended to a verb form ended in a falling diphthong or in a nasal consonant, the nasal in -no having an antihiatic epenthetic origin) or -lo (when appended to a verb form ended in a -s or -r, the l having its origin in the assimilation of the -s or -r with the l present in the pronoun before the 12th century).
German
Pronunciation
Interjection
o
- O
- 1843, Gallus Schwab, Gebetbuch für katholische Christen, Bamberg, p.45:
- Sei gegrüßet, o Du mein Jesu! Mit tieftster Demuth bete ich Dich an und verehre Dich!
Gothic
Romanization
ō
- Romanization of 𐍉
GuaraníHawaiian
Conjunction
o
- or, lest
Preposition
o
- of, belonging to
Usage notes
- Used for possessions that are inherited, out of personal control, and for things that can be got into (houses, clothes, cars), while a is used for acquired possessions.
Hungarian
Pronunciation
Letter
o (lower case, upper case O)
- The twenty-fourth letter of the Hungarian alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.
Declension
See also
- (Latin-script letters) betű; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Cs cs, D d, Dz dz, Dzs dzs, E e, É é, F f, G g, Gy gy, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ly ly, M m, N n, Ny ny, O o, Ó ó, Ö ö, Ő ő, P p, R r, S s, Sz sz, T t, Ty ty, U u, Ú ú, Ü ü, Ű ű, V v, Z z, Zs zs. Only in the extended alphabet: Q q W w X x Y y. Commonly used: ch. Also defined: à ë. In surnames (selection): ä aa cz ds eé eö ew oe oó th ts ÿ.
Ido
Pronunciation
- (context pronunciation, letter name) IPA(key): /o/
Letter
o (upper case O)
- The fifteenth letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) litero; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z
Conjunction
o
- Apocopic form of od
Related terms
Italian
Etymology 1
From Latin ō (the name of the letter O).
Pronunciation
Noun
o f (invariable)
- The name of the Latin-script letter O.
See also
- (Latin-script letter names) lettera; a, bi, ci, di, e, effe, gi, acca, i, i lunga, cappa, elle, emme, enne, o, pi, cu, erre, esse, ti, u, vu, doppia vu, ics, ipsilon, zeta
Etymology 2
From Latin aut.[1]
Alternative forms
- od (used optionally before words beginning with a vowel)
Pronunciation
Conjunction
o
- or
References
- ^ Angelo Prati, "Vocabolario Etimologico Italiano", Torino, 1951
Etymology 3
Verb
o
- Misspelling of ho.
JapaneseKhumi ChinLadinLatin
Etymology 1
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Letter
o
- A letter of the Latin alphabet.
Etymology 2
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
Noun
ō f (indeclinable)
- The name of the letter O.
Coordinate terms
- (Latin-script letter names) littera; ā, bē, cē, dē, ē, ef, gē, hā / *acca, ī, kā, el, em, en, ō, pē, kū, er, es, tē, ū, ix / īx / ex, ȳ / ī graeca / ȳpsīlon, zēta
References
- o in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1879
- o in Charlton T. Lewis, An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers, 1891
- o in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
- o in Gaffiot, Félix, Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette, 1934
- o in Harry Thurston Peck, editor, Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers, 1898
- Arthur E. Gordon, The Letter Names of the Latin Alphabet (University of California Press, 1973; volume 9 of University of California Publications: Classical Studies), part III: “Summary of the Ancient Evidence”, page 32: "Clearly there is no question or doubt about the names of the vowels A, E, I, O, U. They are simply long A, long E, etc. (ā, ē, ī, ō, ū). Nor is there any uncertainty with respect to the six mutes B, C, D, G, P, T. Their names are bē, cē, dē, gē, pē, tē (each with a long E). Or about H, K, and Q: they are hā, kā, kū—each, again, with a long vowel sound."
Etymology 3
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Alternative forms
- ô (for the vocative particle)
- ōh (for the interjection meaning "oh")
Pronunciation
Interjection
ō
- o! (vocative particle)
- 4th century, St Jerome, Vulgate, Judges 3:19
- et reversus de Galgalis ubi erant idola dixit ad regem verbum secretum habeo ad te o rex et ille imperavit silentium egressisque omnibus qui circa eum erant (Then returning from Galgal, where the idols were, he said to the king: I have a secret message to thee, O king. And he commanded silence: and all being gone out that were about him,)
- oh!
Latvian
Etymology
Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.
Pronunciation
Letter
o (lower case, upper case O)
- The twenty-third letter of the Latvian alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.
Usage notes
In native Latvian words (and in some older borrowings), o represents the sound of IPA [uə̯] (e.g., otrs [uə̯tɾs]). In more recent borrowings, it represents the original sound of the word, i.e. [o] or [oː] (e.g., opera [oːpeɾa]).
See also
- (Latin-script letters) burts; A a, Ā ā, B b, C c, Č č, D d, E e, Ē ē, F f, G g, Ģ ģ, H h, I i, Ī ī, J j, K k, Ķ ķ, L l, Ļ ļ, M m, N n, Ņ ņ, O o, P p, R r, S s, Š š, T t, U u, Ū ū, V v, Z z, Ž ž
Pronunciation
Noun
o m (invariable)
- The name of the Latin script letter O/o.
See also
- (Latin-script letter names) latviešu burtu vārdi; a, garais ā, bē, cē, čē, dē, e, garais ē, ef, gā, ģē, hā, i, garais ī, jē, kā, ķē, el, eļ, em, en, eņ, o, pē, er, es, eš, tē, u, garais ū, vē, zē, žē
Ligurian
Ligurian Definite Articles
|
---|
|
singular
|
plural
|
---|
masculine
|
o
|
i
|
---|
feminine
|
a
|
e
|
---|
Etymology
From earlier ro ← lo, from Latin illum, form of ille (“that”).
Pronunciation
Article
o m sg (plural i)
- the
Lithuanian
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ō; compare Proto-Slavic *a (“and, but”). From Proto-Indo-European *h₁od; compare Sanskrit आत् (āt, “afterwards, then, so”), Avestan 𐬁𐬀𐬝 (āat̰, “afterward, then”), perhaps the ablative singular of *h₁e- (“demonstrative pronoun”).
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /oː/
Conjunction
õ
- (coordinating, adversative) and, but (used to express binary contrasts)
Taĩ ne kažkàs, ką̃ víenas gãli darýti, õ kìtas – nè. ― It's not something that some people can do and others can't.
Livonian
Pronunciation
Letter
o (upper case O)
- The twenty-second letter of the Livonian alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) kēratēḑ; A a, Ā ā, Ä ä, Ǟ ǟ, B b, D d, Ḑ ḑ, E e, Ē ē, F f, G g, H h, I i, Ī ī, J j, K k, L l, Ļ ļ, M m, N n, Ņ ņ, O o, Ō ō, Ȯ ȯ, Ȱ ȱ, Õ õ, Ȭ ȭ, P p, R r, Ŗ ŗ, S s, Š š, T t, Ț ț, U u, Ū ū, V v, Z z, Ž ž
Malay
Letter
o
- The fifteenth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z
Maltese
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɔ/ (short phoneme)
- IPA(key): /ɔː/ (long phoneme)
- In inherited words, long o occurs only next to vowelised għ or h. In Romance words, it can be long on its own.
Letter
o (lower case, upper case O)
- The nineteenth letter of the Maltese alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) ittra; A a, B b, Ċ ċ, D d, E e, F f, Ġ ġ, G g, Għ għ, H h, Ħ ħ, I i, Ie ie, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Ż ż, Z z
Mandarin
Romanization
o
- Nonstandard spelling of ō.
- Nonstandard spelling of ó.
- Nonstandard spelling of ǒ.
- Nonstandard spelling of ò.
Usage notes
- English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.
Maori
Particle
o
- of
- 2006, Joanne Barker, Sovereignty Matters, page 208:
- In 1979 a gathering of elders at the Waananga kaumatua affirmed te reo Maori “Ko te reo te mauri o te mana Maori” the language is the life principle of Maori mana.
Usage notes
Used instead of a when the possessor has no control over the relationship (inalienable possession).
Middle English
Article
o
- Alternative form of oo
See also
- (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z
Middle Irish
Preposition
o
- Alternative spelling of ó
Middle Low GermanNavajo
Letter
o
- The twenty-second letter of the Navajo alphabet:
- o = /o˨/
- ǫ = /õ˨/
- ó = /o˥/
- ǫ́ = /õ˥/
- oo = /oː˨˨/
- ǫǫ = /õː˨˨/
- óo = /oː˥˨/
- ǫ́ǫ = /õː˥˨/
- oó = /oː˨˥/
- ǫǫ́ = /õː˨˥/
- óó = /oː˥˥/
- ǫ́ǫ́ = /õː˥˥/
Neapolitan
Etymology
From Latin aut.
Pronunciation
Particle
o
- or
Norwegian
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /uː/
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /uː/, /ʊ/, /ɔ/
Letter
o
- The 15th letter of the Norwegian alphabet.
O'odham
Particle
o
- future tense marker: will; going to.
Usage notes
Not to be confused with ʼo, the third person copula.
References
- Zepeda, Ofelia, A Tohono Oʼodham Grammar, Tucson: The University of Arizona Press, 1983, pages 169
See also
O'odham Auxiliary
Person
|
|
Imperfective
|
Perfective
|
Future
|
---|
1SG 'I'
|
Long
|
'añ
|
'añt
|
o
|
---|
Short
|
ñ
|
nt
|
2SG 'THOU'
|
Long
|
'ap
|
'apt
|
---|
Short
|
a
|
pt
|
3SG 'S/HE/IT'
|
Long/Short
|
'o
|
---|
1PL 'WE'
|
Long
|
'c
|
'att
|
---|
Short
|
c
|
tt
|
2PL 'Y'ALL'
|
Long
|
'am
|
'amt
|
---|
Short
|
m
|
mt
|
3PL 'THEY'
|
Long
|
'at
|
'o
|
---|
Short
|
t
|
Occitan
Etymology 1
From Latin aut.
Conjunction
o
- or
Etymology 2
Noun
o f (plural os)
- o (the letter o, O)
Old Portuguese
Etymology
From earlier lo, la, from Latin illum, illam (the initial l having disappeared; compare Spanish lo and la).
Pronunciation
Article
o
- the (masculine singular definite article)
- 13th Century - Cantiga de Santa Maria no. 23
- Esta é como Santa Maria acrecentou o vinho no tonel, por amor da bõa dona de Bretanha.
- This is how Holy Mary added the wine to the barrel, out of love for the good lady of Britain;
- 13th Century - Cantiga de Santa Maria no. 48
- Esta é como Santa Maria tolheu a agua da fonte ao cavaleiro.
- This is how Holy Mary restricted the water of the fountain from the knight.
Usage notes
- O becomes -no and a becomes -na after nasal sounds:
Non queria o meu coraçon nen-nos meus olhos. ― She wanted neither (the) my heart nor (the) my eyes.
Ambas eran-nas melhores que (h)omen pode cousir. ― Both were the best that (a) man can contemplate.
- O becomes -lo and a becomes -la after other consonants, and the preceding consonant is elided:
E vós faredes depoi-lo melhor! ― And later ye shall do the best!
Sobre toda-las bondades que ela (h)avia era que muito fiava en Santa Maria; ― Above all the virtues she possessed was how much she trusted Holy Mary.
- O becomes el- in front of the noun rei:
Deu ora el-rei seus dinheiros a Belpelho. ― The king, then, gave his money to Belpelho.
Se fosse seu o tesouro que el-rei de França ten. ― Were it his the treasure that the king of France has.
Descendants
- Galician: o
- Portuguese: o
Pnar
Etymology
Compare Lamet [Nkris] ʔɔːʔ, Riang [Sak] ʔoʔ¹.
Pronunciation
Pronoun
o
- I
Usage notes
- It identifis A or S arguments and therefore "nominative". Its topic position and accusative counterpart is nga.
Polish
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *o(b), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ebʰi
Pronunciation
Preposition
o
- (+ locative) about (concerning)
Opowiedz mi o twojej pracy. ― Tell me about your job.
Ta książka jest o potędze miłości. ― This book is about the power of love.
- (+ locative) at (telling the time)
Spotkajmy się o piątej po południu. ― Let's meet at five PM.
- (+ locative, used in descriptions) with
Była piękną kobietą o długich jasnych włosach. ― She was a beautiful woman with long fair hair.
chłopiec o zielonych oczach ― a boy with green eyes; a green-eyed boy
- (+ accusative) on, against
Nie opierajcie się o te drzwi. ― Don't lean on this door.
Dziewczynka uderzyła głową o stół. ― The little girl hit her head on the table.
- (+ accusative) for
Weronika poprosiła mnie wczoraj o pomoc. ― Veronica asked me for help yesterday.
Walczyliśmy dzielnie o naszą wolność. ― We were bravely fighting for our freedom.
- (+ accusative) by (a difference)
Spóźniła się o piętnaście minut. ― She was fifteen minutes late.
Czuję się o wiele lepiej. ― I feel much better.
Obniż podkład o dwa półtony. ― Lower the instrumental by two semitones.
Further reading
- o in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- o in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Portuguese
Pronunciation
- (letter): IPA(key): /ɔ/, /o/
- (article, pronoun): IPA(key): /u/, /o/, [ʊ]
Etymology 1
Letter
o (lower case, upper case O)
- The fifteenth letter of the Portuguese alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) letra; A a (Á á, À à, Â â, Ã ã), B b, C c (Ç ç), D d, E e (É é, Ê ê), F f, G g, H h, I i (Í í), J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ô ô, Õ õ), P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ú ú), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z
Etymology 2
From Old Portuguese o (compare Galician o), from Vulgar Latin lo, *illu, from Latin illum, from ille (with an initial l having disappeared; compare Spanish lo).
Article
o m (feminine a, masculine plural os, feminine plural as)
- the (masculine singular definite article)
Usage notes
For the most part, usage of the definite article in Portuguese is the same as in English. Some differences include:
- it is optionally but commonly used with abstract mass nouns:
O amor é melhor que a guerra. ― Love is better than war.
- it can be optionally used with adjectival possessive pronouns, and mandatorily with substantival possessive pronouns:
(O) meu livro é melhor que o seu. ― My book is better than yours.
- it can be used with personal names; often this indicates familiarity with the person (due to personal connection with them or because they are famous); this is avoided in formal contexts:
(O) João foi até a cidade. ― João went to the city.
(O) Einstein foi um cientista famoso. ― Einstein was a famous scientist.
- it is sometimes used instead of a possessive pronoun when the possessor is obvious from the context; this is especially prevalent when refering to parts of the body or one’s own relatives:
O pai está viajando. ― (My) dad is travelling.
Você falou com a tia? ― Did you talk with my/our aunt?
Quando você quebrou os braços? ― When did you break your arms?
- it used in a construct that is uncommon in English but common in Portuguese whereby a singular is used as a representative or prototype of all instances of the thing:
O carvalho é uma árvore grande. ― The oak is a big tree.
A picape é responsável pela poluição. ― Pick-up trucks are responsible for the pollution.
- it is much more commonly used with placenames; most countries and states take the definite article, as do a minority of cities:
Eu moro na França. ― I live in France.
O Rio de Janeiro fica no Brasil. ― Rio de Janeiro is in Brazil.
Quotations
For quotations using this term, see Citations:o.
See also
Pronoun
o m (personal)
- (In Brazil, literary) him, it (as a direct object; as an indirect object, see lhe; after prepositions, see ele).
Quotations
For quotations using this term, see Citations:o.
Usage notes
- Becomes -lo after verb forms ending in -r, -s, or -z, the pronouns nos and vos, and the adverb eis; the ending letter causing the change disappears.
- After ver:
Posso vê-lo? ― May I see him/it?
- After conheces:
Conhece-lo?. ― Do you know him/it?
- After fiz:
Fi-lo ficar contente. ― I made him/it become happy.
- After nos:
Deu-no-lo relutantemente. ― He gave him/it to us reluctantly.
- After eis:
Ei-lo! ― Behold him/it!
- Becomes -no after a nasal sound:
Detêm-no como prisioneiro. ― They detain him/it as a prisoner.
Põe-no aqui. ― Put him/it here.
- In the colloquial speech of most of Brazil, it is abandoned in favor of the nominative form ele.
Eu o vi. → Eu vi ele. ― I saw him/it.
See also
Rapa Nui
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Proto-Polynesian *o.
Particle
o
- possessive particle marking an inalienable possession; of
- 2008, Sharon Chester, A wildlife guide to Chile, page 15:
- Polynesians are thought to have arrived at Easter Island around AD 800. They called the island Rapa Nui, or more familiarly Te Pito o Te Henua, the Navel of the World.
Usage notes
Inserted before the relevant pronoun. Only for possessions like hands or parents that do not have the ability to no longer be yours; otherwise, use a.
Etymology 2
From Spanish o (“or”).
Conjunction
o
- or
Usage notes
Generally used in favor of complex native grammatical structures used to achieve the same ends.
Romani
Article
o m (feminine i, masculine and feminine plural e)
- the
o rrom ― the Romani man
i Sperànca ― Speranza
i Rumùnia ― Romania
o Parìzo ― Paris
Usage notes
- The definite article is used with proper nouns (given names and place names) as well.
References
- Yūsuke Sumi, “o”, in ニューエクスプレス ロマ(ジプシー)語 [New Express Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, 2018, →ISBN, pages 21, 141
Romanian
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Letter
o (lower case, upper case O)
- The eighteenth letter of the Romanian alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.
Usage notes
See O.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) A a, Ă ă, Â â, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, Î î, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, Ș ș, T t, Ț ț, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z
Etymology 2
From Latin ūna, feminine of ūnus.
Article
o
- feminine singular nominative/accusative of un: a/an (indefinite article)
O femeie frumoasă ― A beautiful woman
Related terms
See also
Etymology 3
Interjection
o
- oh
Etymology 4
From a root *eaua, from Latin illam, accusative feminine singular of ille.
Pronoun
o f (unstressed accusative form of ea)
- (direct object) her
O cunoști? ― Do you know her?
O cunoști pe Iulia? ― Do you know Iulia?
Related terms
- îl (masculine equivalent)
- le (plural)
Etymology 5
Verb
(el/ea) o (modal auxiliary, third-person singular form of vrea, used with infinitives to form presumptive tenses)
- (he/she) might
SamoanScotsScottish Gaelic
Alternative forms
Preposition
o
- from
Derived terms
- The following prepositional pronouns:
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
Letter
o (Cyrillic spelling о)
- The 21st letter of the Serbo-Croatian Latin alphabet (gajica), preceded by nj and followed by p.
Alternative forms
Etymology 2
From Proto-Slavic *o(b), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ebʰi. See o-, ob-.
Pronunciation
Preposition
o (Cyrillic spelling о)
- (+ accusative) on, against
ob(j)esiti nešto o kuku ― to hang something on a hook
udariti glavom o zid ― to hit one's head against the wall
ogr(ij)ešiti se o zakon ― to violate a law
- (+ locative) about, concerning, of, on
brinuti se o nekome ― to take care of somebody
v(ij)est o katastrofi ― news about the catastrophe
R(ij)eč je o…, radi se o… ― It's about…, this refers to…
Napisao sam esej o ranom srednjem vijeku. ― I wrote an essay on the Early Middle Ages.
Synonyms
Skolt Sami
Pronunciation
Letter
o (upper case O)
- The twenty-fourth letter of the Skolt Sami alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) bukva; A a, Â â, B b, C c, Č č, Ʒ ʒ, Ǯ ǯ, D d, Đ đ, E e, F f, G g, Ǧ ǧ, Ǥ ǥ, H h, I i, J j, K k, Ǩ ǩ, L l, M m, N n, Ŋ ŋ, O o, Õ õ, P p, R r, S s, Š š, T t, U u, V v, Z z, Ž ž, Å å, Ä ä, ʹ
SloveneSomba-SiawariSpanish
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Letter
o (lower case, upper case O)
- The sixteenth letter of the Spanish alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.
Noun
o f (plural oes)
- Name of the letter O.
Derived terms
See also
- (Latin-script letters) letra; A a (Á á), B b, C c, D d, E e (É é), F f, G g, H h, I i (Í í), J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ñ ñ, O o (Ó ó), P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ú ú, Ü ü), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z
Etymology 2
From Latin aut.
Alternative forms
- u (used before words beginning with an ‘o’ sound)
- ò (archaic)
- ó (used near numbers to avoid confusion with a zero: 2 ó 3)
Conjunction
o
- or
¿Quieres un café o algo?- Do you want a coffee or something?
Derived terms
Conjunction
o … o
- either … or
- Antonym: ni … ni
Further reading
Sranan Tongo
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Particle
o
- Verbal marker for the future tense.
See also
Swedish
Pronunciation
- Letter name
- Phoneme
- IPA(key): /uː/, /ʊ/, /oː/, /ɔ/
Letter
o (lower case, upper case O)
- The fifteenth letter of the Swedish alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.
Interjection
o
- O (particle)
- Så låt nu, o konung, härom utfärda ett förbud och sätta upp en skrivelse
- Now, O king, establish the decree, and sign the writing (Daniel 6:8)
Noun
o n
- the letter o
- the Greek letter omega, being the last letter of the Greek alphabet
- Jag är A och O, den förste och den siste, begynnelsen och änden.
- I am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end, the first and the last. (Revelations 22:13)
Declension
Declension of o
|
---|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
---|
Indefinite
|
Definite
|
Indefinite
|
Definite
|
---|
Nominative
|
o
|
ot
|
on
|
ona
|
---|
Genitive
|
os
|
ots
|
ons
|
onas
|
---|
Alternative forms
Conjunction
o
- Abbreviation of och (“and”).
Tagalog
Etymology
Borrowed from Spanish o (“or”).
Pronunciation
Conjunction
o
- or
Sasama ka ba o dito ka lang?- Are you coming along or will you just be here?
Tok PisinTurkish
Etymology
Merger of Old Anatolian Turkish ol and an (“she, he, that, it”), from Old Turkic 𐰆𐰞 (ol) and [script needed] (an), respectively; both from Proto-Turkic. Cognate with Karakhanid اُلْ (“he, she, it; that”) and Chinese 兀 (wù, “that”).
Pronunciation
Pronoun
o
- he, she, it
See also
Turkish personal pronouns
Pronoun
o (demonstrative)
- that
See also
Letter
o (lower case, upper case O)
- The eighteenth letter of the Turkish alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) harf; A a, B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, E e, F f, G g, Ğ ğ, H h, I ı, İ i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ö ö, P p, R r, S s, Ş ş, T t, U u, Ü ü, V v, Y y, Z z
Noun
o
- The name of the Latin-script letter O.
See also
- (Latin-script letter names) harf; a, be, ce, çe, de, e, fe, ge, yumuşak ge, he, ı, i, je, ke, le, me, ne, o, ö, pe, re, se, şe, te, u, ü, ve, ye, ze
Turkmen
Pronunciation
Letter
o (upper case O)
- The eighteenth letter of the Turkmen alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) harp; A a, B b, Ç ç, D d, E e, Ä ä, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, Ž ž, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ň ň, O o, Ö ö, P p, R r, S s, Ş ş, T t, U u, Ü ü, W w, Y y, Ý ý, Z z
VietnameseVolapükWelsh
Etymology 1
Alternative forms
- (with grave accent to indicate otherwise unpredictable short vowel): ò
- (with acute accent to indicate unusually stressed short vowel): ó
- (with circumflex to indicate otherwise unpredictable or unusually stressed long vowel): ô
- (with diaeresis to indicate disyllabicity): ö
Pronunciation
Letter
o f (plural oau)
- The nineteenth letter of the Welsh alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script. It is preceded by n and followed by p.
- The name of the Latin-script letter O.
Derived terms
Mutation
See also
- (Latin-script letters) llythyren; A a (Á á, À à, Â â, Ä ä), B b, C c, Ch ch, D d, Dd dd, E e (É é, È è, Ê ê, Ë ë), F f, Ff ff, G g, Ng ng, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì, Î î, Ï ï), J j, L l, Ll ll, M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ò ò, Ô ô, Ö ö), P p, Ph ph, R r, Rh rh, S s, T t, Th th, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù, Û û, Ü ü), W w (Ẃ ẃ, Ẁ ẁ, Ŵ ŵ, Ẅ ẅ), Y y (Ý ý, Ỳ ỳ, Ŷ ŷ, Ÿ ÿ)
- (Latin-script letter names) llythyren; a, bi, ec, èch, di, èdd, e, èf, èff, èg, eng, aetsh, i/i dot, je, ce, el, èll, em, en, o, pi, ffi, ciw, er, rhi, ès, ti, èth, u/u bedol, fi, w, ecs, y, sèd (Category: cy:Latin letter names)
Etymology 2
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
Pronoun
o
- he, him
Usage notes
O is used predominantly in the north of Wales, while e is used in the south, with fo and fe as variants of o and e respectively. In formal Welsh, the equivalent pronoun is ef.
Etymology 3
From Proto-Brythonic *o, from Proto-Celtic *ɸo, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂pó.
Pronunciation
Preposition
o
- of
- from
Inflection
Template:cy-personal-prop
Yoruba
Pronoun
o
- you (second-person singular personal pronoun)
Pronoun
ó
- he/she/it (third-person singular personal pronoun)
See also
Affirmative subject pronouns
|
singular
|
plural or honorific
|
---|
1st person
|
mo
|
a
|
---|
2nd person
|
o
|
ẹ
|
---|
3rd person
|
ó
|
wọ́n
|
---|
Negative subject pronouns
|
singular
|
plural or honorific
|
---|
1st person
|
mi / n
|
a
|
---|
2nd person
|
o
|
ẹ
|
---|
3rd person
|
[pronoun dropped]
|
wọn
|
---|
Object pronouns
|
singular
|
plural or honorific
|
---|
1st person
|
mi
|
wa
|
---|
2nd person
|
ọ / ẹ
|
yín
|
---|
3rd person
|
[preceding vowel repeated for monosyllabic verbs] / ẹ̀
|
wọn
|
---|
Note: except for
yín, object pronouns have a high tone following a low or mid tone monosyllabic verb, and a mid tone following a high tone. For complex verbs, the tone does not change.
Zazaki
Pronoun
o
- he
See also
Pronoun
o (demonstrative)
- that
Zou
Particle
o
- O, o (vocative particle)
References
Zulu